Moscow, Russian Federation
The article poses and solves the problem of a general methodological character, topical for modern psychological knowledge - the conceptual design of the notion of giftedness. The solution of this problem will allow to create an integral system of investigation of the phenomenon of giftedness, which could adequately reflect its qualitative uniqueness. The hypothesis of the research was that the task could be solved by using a number of cognitive procedures, in particular, such as analyzing the conceptual apparatus, identifying the boundaries of the phenomenon of giftedness, and highlighting the basic approaches to its cognition. The chosen hybrid methodology that includes elements of logical and semantic analysis, made it possible to establish that the notion of giftedness reflects, on the one hand, not a fully theoretically reflected understanding of the essential characteristics of giftedness, and, on the other hand, established in the psychology numerous and diverse ideas about this phenomenon. Due to the existence of a number of related concepts, the boundaries of the concept analyzed in the article appear to be blurred, which makes the task of detailed analysis of the semantic structure of giftedness significant, while giftedness itself consists of the list of defining characteristics proposed by the author. This approach has a serious heuristic potential, allows us to identify the reasons for the diversity of approaches to the study of giftedness as an integrated system, and thus significantly expand the possibilities of its cognition. The approaches identified in the research result in different interpretations of giftedness, its nature and structure. This fact confirmed the assumption that the existence of a huge number of theories of giftedness is a consequence of not only diverse manifestations of the phenomenon of giftedness. We should talk about the differences between the philosophical foundations of these approaches.
essential characteristics, phenomenon of giftedness, approach, semantic structure
1. Bagramyanc M.L. Psihologiya odarennosti: teoriya, eksperiment, praktika. Uchebnoe posobie. M.: MGTU «MAMI», 2003.
2. Guilford J. P. The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGrow-Hill. 1967.
3. Joyce VanTassel-Baska. Theories of Giftedness: Reflections on James Gallagher’s Work // Journal for the Education of the Gifted. Vol. 38, Issue 1, February 10, 2015. P. 18-23.
4. Teplov B. M Sposobnosti i odarennost' // Izbrannye trudy. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Pedagogika», 1985. T.1. S. 15-41.
5. Panov V.I. Ekologicheskaya psihologiya: Opyt postroeniya metodologii. M.: Nauka, 2004.
6. Majed M. AL-Khayat, Mosa A. AL-Hrout, Mizyed A. Hyassat. Academically Gifted Undergraduate Students: Their Preferred Teaching Strategies // International Education Studies. Vol. 10, No 7. 2017. P.155 - 164.
7. Ivleva M.L. Formirovanie psihologicheskoy koncepcii odarennosti: teoretiko - istoricheskoe issledovanie. M.: MGTU «MAMI», 2008.
8. Guilford J. P. The nature of human intelligence. New York: McGrow-Hill. 1967.
9. Teplov B. M Sposobnosti i odarennost' // Izbrannye trudy. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Pedagogika», 1985. T.1. S. 15-41.
10. Matyushkin A. M. Zagadki odarennosti. Problemy prakticheskoy diagnostiki. M: Shkola-press. 1993.
11. Mary Ruth Coleman, Shelagh A. Gallagher. Dr. James Gallagher: Pragmatist, Pioneer, Visionary // Journal for the Ed-ucation of the Gifted. Vol. 38. Issue 1. March 2015. P. 3-5.
12. Vygotskiy L.S. Psihologiya iskusstva. M.: Azbuka-Attikus, Azbuka, 2017.
13. Babaeva Yu. D. Psihologicheskiy trening dlya vyyavleniya odarennosti / Pod red. V. I. Panova. - M.: Molodaya gvardiya, 1997.
14. Sandra N. Kaplan. Challenge vs. Differentiation. Why, What and How // Gifted Child Today. Vol. 39. Issue 2. March 16, 2016. P. 114-115.
15. Melik-Pashaev A.A. Ob istochnike sposobnosti cheloveka k hudozhestvennomu tvorchestvu // Voprosy Psihologii. 1998. №1. S. 76-82.
16. Panov V.I. Ekologicheskaya psihologiya: Opyt postroeniya metodologii. M.: Nauka, 2004.
17. Ivleva M.L. Filosofskie osnovaniya psihologicheskoy koncepcii odarennosti. Uchebnoe posobie. M.: MGTU «MAMI», 2011.
